The Character Of Cities Essays - Neighborhoods In Boston

Journalist and Pr Relationship Free Essays

1. The inquiry for the exposition is â€Å"Journalism and Public Relations: Symbiosis or Parasitosis? † Journalists and Public Relations (PR) professionals cooperate with one another ordinarily as a major aspect of the procedure of news creation. Columnists convey towards advertising professionals with demands for data or material to help produce the tales they are composing. We will compose a custom article test on Writer and Pr Relationship or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now While advertising professionals prompt stories and convey writers with data they have made themselves in would like to be distributed in the paper. The connection among columnists and advertising experts is, and has consistently been, confused. The connection between these two is one of commonly reliance if not advantageous, yet additionally irresolute if not threatening. This equivocal relationship has emerged because of the misguided judgment of the standpoint and the estimations of every calling. Shin and Cameron (2004) regard the two gatherings carry struggle to the relationship through the idea of their jobs and objectives, and the qualities, perspectives and perspectives they hold of one another (Callard, 2011). Columnist recognition on advertising professionals has a negative undertone to it, frequently grieved by the regularly about the degrees of ‘information subsidy’ (Gandy, 1982) with regards to the manner by which advertising material can shape the news by giving data that empowers them to adjust to there own motivation. Though advertising are worried about the misconstrued point of view writers have upon the job that advertising play. (Charron, 1989) Journalists are said to take a stab at objectivity, decency, exactness, and balance, and don't retain data, cover up or advocate for specific plans, or act unscrupulously (Belz, Talbot, Starck, 1989). Advertising is viewed as progressively emotional, serving the interests of the customer first and foremost’ (White Hobsbawm, 2007) Although the pressures between the to enterprises might be stressed, this is a relationship dependent on need n request for one another to succeed, regardless of whether every one of them will let it be known. . Despite the fact that they may have contrasts, the two callings have the comparative targets made around there open. The fundamental aim of news coverage calling is to furnish it open with precise, solid reliable data to the overall population. Advertising objective is to impact a specific objective open, planned to impact the assessment of this crowd to advance an individual or association that the firm is taking care of. The ‘adversarial relationship’ between the two callings is usually seen as writers being the watchmen who serve people in general through contribution them ‘a window to the world’ (Singer, 1998) and advertising experts subsequentâ the ‘press-agentry’ model (Grunig and Hunt 1984) where the reason for the professional is to grow exposure for their specific association through controlled ‘information dissemination’. Be that as it may, in an ever-contending world the tables have started to turn, with columnist not being as unadulterated as they portray. Columnists have an obligation to an implicit moral code to create accounts of truth and unwavering quality, as writers are the source between general society and it information on news data. Foxification just as the updates on the world embarrassment has altered the view of trust commendable news-casting. Foxification was the deceptions of realities to the general population by the fox arrange with the end goal of propagation their biased moderate plan and benefit gain. Which was a similar found with the updates on the world embarrassment early a year ago, where untrustworthy direct so as to pick up benefit. So the establishment of worried that news coverage has on advertising gets unjustified. The focal components to the working among journalist’s and advertising relationship is the subject of access to data. In a time where news is delivered and devoured as quick as could reasonably be expected, the Internet has given media another stage to serve its publics with the most forward-thinking news. Yet, clearly this no longer implies that columnists have he day to compose a story for the following day’s paper, writer are taking a gander at delivering anyplace between 6-10 stories each time they enter the newsroom. 3. In March 2010 10 printed version news papers where analyised on Australia news and analysis site Crikey and the Independent news coverage which presumed that about 55% of the accounts find were driven by a type of advertisin g impact. The prerequisite of columnists accomplishing more with less has guaranteed the connection between the two callings is safely bound together cultivating a reliance on PR professionals and their advertising materials. It is this interest set upon every calling, which has fabricated what we currently know as ‘churnalism’ the act of columnists stirring through public statements to produce news content as brisk as conceivable the peruser. Writers are being approached to accomplish more with less assets . . . constraining them to depend increasingly more on data from advertising professionals . . . they are being constrained progressively into responsive, latent positions as opposed to seeking after their own examinations. (Gower, 2007, p. 2-3) Churnalism. om welcomes individuals to glue official statements on to the webpage and contrast the duplicate and in excess of 3,000,000 articles distributed by national paper sites, the BBC or Sky News since 2008. The site at that point offers a rate score showing the amount of the discharge was reordered by columnists. One of the originators of the Churnalism site Chris Atkins delivered a phony official statement about a â€Å"chastity garterâ₠¬  containing a small scale chip which would send an instant message to the woman’s accomplice conveying of the accomplice was going to be unfaithful, to show how compelling advertising push on the substance of writers stories. The story turned into the most perused story on the Daily Mail’s site for that specific day. What's more, was then rehashed by numerous news sources including that of a USA morning TV program. This model simply feature the degree to how much writer depend on the substance that advertising experts have given them so as to create stories. In any case, this additionally positioned a moral duty upon advertising to deliver press 4. discharges, which are honest as advertising professionals depend on columnist to utilize these to advance their association. On account of both advertising and reporting the related ideas of trust and truth are fundamental to their expert exercises. The significance in making a solid dependable connection with writer much progressively critical to advertising specialists as this is their principle wellspring of contact with their objective publics. Advertising organizations expect to manufacture a progressing associations with columnists as the better connections they can fabricate, the more impact they can apply on the media. A writer is bound to focus on an official statement that’s convenient, from a known source and focused to the particular journalist’s need. So it is an advertising expert occupation to ensure they know and comprehend the style and looked for stories every writer would provide details regarding, making it almost certain for their official statement to be gotten. Making it critical to guarantee that the public statements are instructive and honest. Advertising experts will offer writers media units, up close and personal gathering and welcome them to private snacks and dispatches increasing a selective scoop to make a generosity connection between the two gatherings. In any case, as advertising is the essential contact among associations and the media, advertising individuals can control the entrance to data given to writer, empowering them gigantic lead path in haggling with columnists. It’s a touch of you take care of me I will take care of you type on organization. In today’s world, advertising and columnists go connected at the hip. Columnists and advertising specialists assume unmistakable jobs in their individual callings. On an entire advertising and reporting cooperate so as to accomplish a similar extreme objective. Approaches might be distinctive yet the two callings are commonly reliant upon each other and just as one of harmonious. So as to push ahead with media inclusion, both reporting and advertising need become familiarize to the presents of every calling as by tolerating what each gathering brings to the table permits the two businesses to excel. Instructions to refer to Journalist and Pr Relationship, Papers Columnist and Pr Relationship Free Essays 1. The inquiry for the article is â€Å"Journalism and Public Relations: Symbiosis or Parasitosis? † Journalists and Public Relations (PR) specialists cooperate with one another ordinarily as a component of the procedure of news creation. Columnists impart towards advertising professionals with demands for data or material to help produce the accounts they are composing. We will compose a custom paper test on Writer and Pr Relationship or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now While advertising specialists exhort stories and convey columnists with data they have made themselves in would like to be distributed in the paper. The connection among columnists and advertising professionals is, and has consistently been, confounded. The connection between these two is one of commonly reliance if not advantageous, yet additionally irresolute if not threatening. This vague relationship has emerged because of the misguided judgment of the standpoint and the estimations of ea

Writing Narrative Essay Examples

Writing Narrative Essay ExamplesIf you have ever thought about writing a narrative essay, but haven't bothered to find out how to write one, then consider this: you do not have to invest any money or commit any time in writing an essay. If you have just completed a long paper at school, or an essay for your university, chances are that you wrote it because you felt like it. This kind of writing, however, may not give you the kind of recognition that you need to make a good impression on your prospective employers.Writing a narrative essay is something that can be done simply and without much trouble. There are many free narrative essay samples and examples out there that you can easily use to teach yourself how to write one, as well as free creative writing software that will enable you to write short, clear, and concise papers of up to five pages, depending on the length you want.Using these, you can turn your boring, unexciting essay into a three paragraph masterpiece in no time. A ll you need to have is the talent to turn a person's thoughts into words and the drive to find the right word or phrase that will make it the best piece of writing you have ever written.When you use free narrative essay samples and examples to teach yourself how to write one, you do not have to stress yourself out with trying to fit everything into a strict format. You also don't have to worry about how to pronounce the words in your essay. By utilizing a large library of ideas and examples, you can think up anything you want.Instead of spending your time worrying about the lack of space, you can use it to your advantage and think up clever ways to make the best use of it. Your writing can become as vivid and as interesting as possible, without having to worry about writing everything perfectly.The free narrative essay samples and examples that you will use will help you find new ways to express your ideas and to make them fit in with the rest of the writing you will be doing. If yo u need more words to express the same idea, then you can use the free narrative essay samples and examples to see if there is another way to make it work.You can use free narrative essay samples and examples to find out if you are making a mistake or not. If you have been avoiding to use your imagination because you were too worried about its absence, then you may actually want to find new ways to express the same ideas you had before.Free narrative essay samples and examples to allow you to put your ideas into words and to create a short, exciting story that will make the person reading it want to share it with others. By using them you can enjoy the benefits of being able to express your ideas properly without sacrificing the quality of your work.

Five More Reasons Why You Should Consider Private School

Some of the popular reasons why parents look at private school as an education option for their children include smaller classes and superb facilities. However, there are other important reasons why families choose to send their children to private school. Individual Attention Most parents want their children to have as much personal attention as possible. After all, you spent enormous amounts of time nurturing them when they were infants. If you can make it happen, you want them to receive as much individual attention as possible in school as well. If you send your child to a private school, it is most likely that she will be in a small class. Independent schools often have class sizes that range from 10 to 15 students, depending on grade. Parochial schools have slightly larger class sizes typically in the 20 to 25 student range. With a lower student to teacher ratio, teachers are able to give each student more individual attention. Another important aspect of increased individual attention is that discipline problems tend to be less frequent. There are two primary reasons why: most students are in private school because they have a strong desire to learn and, secondly, many private schools have more consistent enforcement of codes of conduct. In other words, if a student misbehaves or breaks the rules, there will be consequences, and those may include expulsion. Parental Involvement Private schools expect parents to be actively involved in their childs education. The concept of a three-way partnership is an important part of the way most private schools work. Naturally, the degree of participation and involvement will probably be greater if you have a child in preschool or elementary grades than if you are the parent of a high school student or a child away at boarding school. What kind of parental involvement are we talking about? That depends on you and the amount of time which you can devote to helping out. It also depends on your talents and experience. The best thing to do is to observe and see where you can fit in. If the school needs a gifted organizer to run the annual auction, then help out as a committee member for a year or two before offering to take on the lead role. If your daughters teacher asks you to help chaperone a field trip, thats an opportunity to show what a great team player you are. Academic Differences Most private schools do not have to teach to a test. As a result, they can focus on teaching your child how to think, as opposed to teaching her what to think. Thats an important concept to understand. In many public schools, poor test scores can mean less money for the school, negative publicity, and even the possibility that a teacher could be reviewed unfavorably. Private schools dont have those pressures of public accountability. They must meet or exceed state curriculum and minimum graduation requirements, but they are accountable only to their clientele. If the school does not achieve the desired results, parents will find a school which does. Because private school classes are small, your child cannot hide in the back of the class. If she does not understand a math concept, the teacher will probably discover that pretty quickly and can address the learning issue on the spot, rather than waiting weeks or months to fix it. Many schools use a teacher-guided approach to learning so that students discover that learning is exciting and full of possibilities. Since private schools offer all kinds of educational methods and approaches ranging from very traditional to very progressive, it is up to you to choose a school whose approach and philosophy meshes best with your own aims and objectives. A Balanced Program Ideally, you want your child to have a balanced program in school. A balanced program can be defined as equal parts academics, sports, and extracurricular activities. In private school, most students take part in sports as schools try to achieve that kind of balanced program. At some private schools, Wednesdays are a half-day of formal classes and a half-day of sports. In boarding schools, there may be classes on Saturday mornings, after which students participate in team sports. Sports programs and facilities vary greatly from school to school. Some of the more established boarding schools have sports programs and facilities which are finer than those at many colleges and universities. Regardless of the scope of a schools sports program, what is really important is that every child is required to participate in some athletic activity. Extracurricular activities are the third component of a balanced program. Like compulsory sports, students must participate in an extracurricular activity. Many private schools have extensive music, art, and drama programs, so there are many extracurricular activities to choose from. As you begin to explore school websites, review the sports and extracurricular activities as carefully as you review the academic curriculum. Make sure that your childs interests and needs are properly met. You should also note that intramural sports and most extracurricular activities are coached or supervised by faculty members. Seeing your math teacher coaching the soccer team and sharing your passion for the sport makes a huge impression on a young mind. In a private school, teachers have the opportunity to be exemplars in many things. Religious Teaching Public schools are required to keep religion out of the classroom. Private schools can teach religion or not, depending on the mission and philosophy of the particular school. If you are a devout Lutheran, there are hundreds of Lutheran owned and operated schools in which your beliefs and practices will not only be respected but taught on a daily basis. The same is true of all the other religious denominations. Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Essay On Selling Your Small Home - 952 Words

Expanding Family Forcing You Out Of Your Small Home? 10 Ways To Sell Faster And Smarter Especially if you werent planning on an additional family member, having another child can make your current home seem way too small. Selling, though, can be a challenge, especially when youre already busy trying to keep up with your growing family. Here are 10 ways to sell your existing home faster and smarter, so you can move on to the larger home you need in time. 1. Make Sure Youre Qualified To Take On A Bigger Mortgage Payment Before you get your hopes up for a new home, make sure your family can afford the payments. Once you know youre capable of meeting the larger financial obligations, talk to your bank or other lender and be sure to†¦show more content†¦5. Attend To Curb Appeal And Your Homes Exterior, First Because you want to make an awesome first impression on potential buyers, you want to have an awesome front yard. Groom it to perfection, removing any personal items, like bikes, watering cans and toys for kids and pets, then add simple touches to complete the elegant and welcoming look, such as a new mailbox and the quintessential bird bath. 6. Prepare To Pack Your house could sell in less than 30 days, but it could take much longer. Because you really cant predict the when, you should be prepared from the onset. That means having all of your personal possessions secured in boxes and maybe some of them stashed in storage. Have a larger-than-needed storage unit on hand and waiting, so your family is able to slip out of the home on a moments notice. Try hard, though, not to keep an ongoing moving mess in the home as youre trying to sell it. Much easier said than done, but highly recommended for a faster sale and a smoother transition. 7. Take Care Of Any Repairs And/Or Upgrades Your House Needs If your inspection revealed needed repairs, these should be taken care of at your earliest convenience. Most likely, theyll be another inspection scheduled for after youve made the requested modifications; thus, you want to move this part of the process along as quickly as you can. 8. Coordinate MovingShow MoreRelatedFat Free Donut Marketing Plan1309 Words   |  6 PagesEssay 1: Describe the marketing plan to introduce a new fat-free donut. A good marketing plan for a fat-free donut will usually summarizes the standard who, what, where, when, and how much inquiries of a company marketing and sales actions for the planning year: †¢ Who are our target buyers of the product and where are they best located? The target selling demographic will be ages 18-45 with both genders and all ethnicities accounted for. I targeted this age group with both genders, because thisRead MoreDigital Revolution : E Commerce1145 Words   |  5 Pagesshopping and are not deterred by the negative aspects. 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Data Modeling Inference with Transposable Data

Question: Discuss about the Critically assess and evaluate the differences between Data Security and Data Privacy? Answer: Introduction Green Rent Agency manages is an agency that manages properties for rent in South East London. The client that registers to this company provide their personal details and information about the type of property they want and the location. The agency provides details of the property to the client, and after the client agrees with the estimated rent, the agency finishes the agreement. Another company named Your House sells properties but does not deal with rentals. Recently the Green Share Agency wishes to integrate two companies into one large system, which will have two different sections in which one-section deals with the client that wants the property on rent and another section, which will deal with the selling of properties. The Green Share Agency will have an online website through which the organization will maintain their different operational functions. One section of the website will deal with the selling of properties, and another part will have a system where the clients can manage properties on rent. The User who wants to register with the company can freely choose between the two sections into which they want to register. The user can register to the website without spending money but if they want to upgrade their profile to premium level, where the users will be notified on a daily basis according to their search results. Also, premium members will have a special advantage of getting a 24X7 online help center. The list of problems that user face is also included in this section and are briefly described point wise. Sometimes user creates a portal on selling section but the website automatically updates the users profile and creates a profile into renting portal. By this user who wants to sell properties or buy properties also gets notification of renting properties. The current searches on the portal are not so advanced as of now, and because of that user sometimes get mixed results irrespective of what they searched. Helping center on the premium portals should be accessible by the members only. Sometimes queries sent by the client take more than enough time to get a proper answer. Data models of the proposed system This section expands the new merging concept of two companies into a single large company and describes it through system level. Both the conceptual model i.e. EERD and the logical model i.e. Mapped EERD are shown below for the better understanding of this report. Conceptual Model (Proposed EERD) For the proposed EERD the Chens notation is maintained throughout the section. A Bottom-up approach is taken for the EERD. The two companies Green Rent Agency and Your-House, which are under a large system Green Share Agency. Below the Extended Entity Relationship diagram of the proposed system is given. Figure 1: Extended ERD of Green share Agency (Source: Created by Author) As it is seen from the above diagram, green rent agency and your house are two agencies which comes under the main organization green share agency. Green share agency has the attributes like company websites, company records and company ID. Again the agency green rent agency is connected with the client with the relationship registers. Client have attributes like client name, client address, client ID. Accordingly, the company your house is also in relationship with client named registers. Both the companies, green rent agency and your house have connected with an entity name property through different relations. Green rent agency manages properties for rent which is the relationship between green rent agency and property. On the other hand, your house is also in a relationship with customer which is manages sell of properties. Again your house charges 2.5% for a single agency and 3% for multiple agency. Property is an entity which is connected with both the companies and has attribu tes like property id, zone, land no, tax rate. A generalization is shown as the Green rent agency and your house are both under the same organization Green share agency. Logical Model (Mapped EERD) The section contains the logical model of the proposed EERD. To convert from the conceptual model to logical model several steps are required. This section decomposes the conceptual model up to 3rd normal form. First the steps to remove the anomalies are given below which are also the steps to convert from UN normalized form to normalized form. The steps are given below. Figure 2: Steps to convert to 3NF (Source: Created by Author) Now, at First, the list of tables is identified from the above EERD, then the key constrains are listed. One row of each table is given as an example. Company ID Company website Company records CMP123 www.greenshare.com HR policy Table 1: Green Share Agency Table Client ID Client Name Client Address CL123 Harris Morrison 472/B Green Avenue B-street Table 2: Client Table Property ID Zone Land No. State Price Tax rate PR123 East zone B456 ST1 700000 Lakh 15.6 % Table 3: Property Table To make the entire database anomaly free, property table is decomposed up to 3NF. At first, the functional dependencies are shown below. Property ID - {Zone, Land No., State, Price, Tax rate} {Zone, Land No.}- {Property ID, State, Price, Tax rate} Zone- Tax rate State- Price State- Zone Above the functional dependencies are shown. On the first bullet Zone, Land No., state, price and Tax rate are functionally dependent on Property ID, which is a primary key. Next again Property ID, state, price and tax rate are dependent on Zone and Land No., which can be combined to form a super key. In the same way Tax rate, Price and Zone are functionally dependent on Zone and State respectively. Now the decomposition of the property table is shown below. The decomposition is done up to 3NF. Figure 3: Decomposition of Property Table (Source: Created by Author) Now the key constraints used in this database are mentioned. Super key and primary key are the key constraints used for this whole system. Super key: In the property table {Property ID, Land No.} is a super key. Primary key: In every table there is one primary key present. For example, in the client table, Client ID is the primary key present. Data Dictionary of the proposed system Every database management system has a data dictionary file that contains all the entries for every table present in the current database. The data dictionary file is kept hidden from the database users to prevent them from accidentally destroying any data set for any table. For this assignment, the structure of the data dictionary is given. In the diagram below, it is shown how the data dictionary is centrally attached to several resources. Figure 3: Data Dictionary (Source: Created by Author) In the above diagram how the data dictionary is attached to the whole interface of the system are shown. Considering the organization uses Oracle database, the data dictionary of the whole database must be attached to the system kernel of Oracle. Data dictionary is a central component of every database. Data Dictionary describes the database and its objects. Every entry for the table is kept in the data dictionary. Below the data dictionary for each of the table is shown. P/F Field Name Data Type Field Size Description Null/ Not Null P Company ID Long integer NA Defines company id Not Null Company Website Text 30 Name of the website Not null Company records Text 20 Records Not null Table 4: Data Dictionary of Company Table P/F Filed Name Data type Field size Description Null/Not Null P Client ID Long integer NA ID of the client Not null Client Name Varchar 20 Name of the client Not null Client Address Varchar 25 Address of the client Not null Table 5: Data Dictionary of Client Table P/F Field Name Data type Field Size Description Null/Not Null P Property ID Long integer NA ID of the property Not null Zone char 20 Zone of the property Not null Land No. integer NA Specified land no. Not null Price Integer NA Price of the property Not null Tax rate Integer NA Tax rate of the property Not null Table 6: Data Dictionary of property table Discussion of problems faced and the convenient solutions This section describes the major flaws in the database system and also gives a solution to evade those problems. As discussed above, there are several problems with the whole system. The major annoying problem which occurs is jumbling up between renting profile and selling profile. A user who created a profile for selling sections also sometimes get notified for the renting purposes. This is pretty annoying. The possible solution to this problem might me spending more time while designing the logic for the database and the whole system. Another major problem with the database system is that database servers are expensive. With the industry growing the data models also grow big and then it becomes very difficult to store all the data in a single database server. A rudimentary and expensive solution to the problems is to go for a bigger database server by scaling up the budget. Another solution to this problem could be to establish a master-slave system where only the writing is done to the master system and but the user cannot read from all the slaves. This solution works by log shipping that means slave database will lag behind the master. This phenomenon is also known as Eventual consistency. Another common problem that is identified is the connection error while logging into the system. Sometimes database connection errors are seen on the startup or login page. In such cases, the problems can be solved by directly logging into the RDMS system. The database can be connected by going into the database configuration settings. Answer to Question: Assessing and evaluating the differences between Data Security and Data Privacy Although the terms Data Privacy and data Security looks similar more or less but these are two different aspects. Data Privacy is a part of Data Security (Wang et al. 2013). For better understanding the differences between both the terms at first the definition of both the terms are given and then the differences are evaluated in the next paragraph. Data Security: Data Security refers to the confidentiality of the data, and the topic is all about maintaining the integrity of the important information or sensitive data. In other words, Data Security refers to all practices that are made to ensure the integrity of the data and to make sure about the fact that authorized personnel are only accessing the authorized data. Now a day's every company deal with lots of data for their work purpose on a daily basis. Whether the data is for public or private and confidential information about the company, it must be secured enough to maintain its integrity (Chen and Zhao 2012). Data security sometimes means necessary steps for the protection of important data, and that process includes even modification of important data and deletion of old unused data. A data security plan includes several processes such as fetching necessary information, keeping it safe until it is necessary for the business and atlatls destroying any information that is no longer needed. Mentioned steps will help any business maintain the data security. Data Privacy: Data Privacy may be defined as the appropriate usage of data. Data privacy is the term that is interlinked with the industries. In industrial, level every organization deals with tons and tons of data on a regular basis. Data Privacy means a lot to the organizations that deal with important and context sensitive information. Especially financial sectors that deal with customer's information are much aware of Data Privacy (Sood 2012). Whenever a company or a merchant is using an entrusted data, then those data should be used according to the agreed policies. The Federal Trade Commission enforces several penalties against the organizations, which are neglecting this important issue about marinating data privacy of their customer. Data Privacy is also familiarly known as information policy, which is an important aspect of information technology (IT) that deals with the ability of an organization or ability of individuals to determine what data should be disclosed to the th ird parties and what data should be kept safe and secure from the other parties. All these are part of Data Privacy. Relationship between Data Security and Data Privacy Although both the terms Data Security and Data Policy are different respective of their meanings, there is a relationship between these two terms. Data Privacy is a part of Data Security. On an industrial level, companies need to maintain the Data Security through several security policies for maintaining the Data Privacy (Rewagad and Pawar 2013). With the improvement in process and technological field, there are several security policies developed for the protection of important and sensitive data from the outside world. Difference between Data Security and Data Privacy Data Security is all about marinating the integrity of the data by several steps such as sending data from one point to other point encryption of data by several encryption algorithms like hash, md5 and more (Goia and Vieu 2014). In today's world, Data Security means, how much protected is data from outside network threats. The Data security is much needed in the organizations like financial and banking sectors. On the other hand, Data Privacy is another term where the main concern is about protecting the sensitive information of target consumers from outsiders. Data Privacy is a common and important issue in industries. Business organizations need to protect their client's personal details sensitively and for that, they develop several security policies that ensure the Data Privacy. Bibliography Allen, G.I. and Tibshirani, R., 2012. Inference with transposable data: modelling the effects of row and column correlations.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology),74(4), pp.721-743. Arellano, M., 2015. Modelling optimal instrumental variables for dynamic panel data models.Research in Economics. Bideault, G., Herault, R. and Seifert, L., 2013. Data modelling reveals inter-individual variability of front crawl swimming.Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport,16(3), pp.281-285. Brodie, M.L., Mylopoulos, J. and Schmidt, J.W. eds., 2012.On conceptual modelling: Perspectives from artificial intelligence, databases, and programming languages. Springer Science Business Media. Chen, D. and Zhao, H., 2012, March. Data security and privacy protection issues in cloud computing. InComputer Science and Electronics Engineering (ICCSEE), 2012 International Conference on(Vol. 1, pp. 647-651). IEEE. Cord, A.F., Meentemeyer, R.K., Leito, P.J. and Vclavk, T., 2013. Modelling species distributions with remote sensing data: bridging disciplinary perspectives.Journal of Biogeography,40(12), pp.2226-2227. English, L.D., 2014. Promoting statistical literacy through data modelling in the early school years. InProbabilistic Thinking(pp. 441-457). Springer Netherlands. Goia, A. and Vieu, P., 2014. Some advances in semiparametric functional data modelling.Contributions in infinite-dimensional statistics and related topics. Bologna: Esculapio, pp.135-141. Hervy, B., Billen, R., Laroche, F., Carr, C., Servieres, M., Van Ruymbeke, M., Tourre, V., Delfosse, V. and Kerouanton, J.L., 2012. A generalized approach for historical mock-up acquisition and data modelling: towards historically enriched 3D city models. InUsage, Usability, and Utility of 3D City ModelsEuropean COST Action TU0801(p. 02009). edp Sciences. Hpken, W., Fuchs, M., Hll, G., Keil, D. and Lexhagen, M., 2013.Multi-dimensional data modelling for a tourism destination data warehouse(pp. 157-169). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kasabov, N., 2012. Evolving spiking neural networks and neurogenetic systems for spatio-and spectro-temporal data modelling and pattern recognition. InAdvances in Computational Intelligence(pp. 234-260). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kearney, M.R., Shamakhy, A., Tingley, R., Karoly, D.J., Hoffmann, A.A., Briggs, P.R. and Porter, W.P., 2014. Microclimate modelling at macro scales: a test of a general microclimate model integrated with gridded continentalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ scale soil and weather data.Methods in Ecology and Evolution,5(3), pp.273-286. Leito, N.C., 2013. A panel data modelling of agglomeration and growth: cross-country evidence.Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management,8(1), p.67. Lenard, J. ed., 2013.Modelling hot deformation of steels: an approach to understanding and behaviour. Springer Science Business Media. Miller, B., Shrestha, A., Derby, J., Olive, J., Umapathy, K., Li, F. and Zhao, Y., 2013, October. Digging into human rights violations: data modelling and collective memory. InBig Data, 2013 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 37-45). IEEE. Potts, J.M., Brewer, M.J. and Duff, E.I., 2013. Refinements of tern Sterna sp. tracking data modelling (Phase 1)(Under Agreement C10-0206-0387).Contract Report to JNCC. Ratkovich, N., Horn, W., Helmus, F.P., Rosenberger, S., Naessens, W., Nopens, I. and Bentzen, T.R., 2013. Activated sludge rheology: a critical review on data collection and modelling.Water research,47(2), pp.463-482. Rewagad, P. and Pawar, Y., 2013, April. Use of digital signature with diffie hellman key exchange and AES encryption algorithm to enhance data security in cloud computing. InCommunication Systems and Network Technologies (CSNT), 2013 International Conference on(pp. 437-439). IEEE. Royle, J.A., Chandler, R.B., Yackulic, C. and Nichols, J.D., 2012. Likelihood analysis of species occurrence probability from presenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ only data for modelling species distributions.Methods in Ecology and Evolution,3(3), pp.545-554. Scheer, A.W., 2012.Architecture of integrated information systems: foundations of enterprise modelling. Springer Science Business Media. Sood, S.K., 2012. A combined approach to ensure data security in cloud computing.Journal of Network and Computer Applications,35(6), pp.1831-1838. Wang, B., Chow, S.S., Li, M. and Li, H., 2013, July. Storing shared data on the cloud via security-mediator. InDistributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), 2013 IEEE 33rd International Conference on(pp. 124-133). IEEE.

Motherless Brooklyn Themes Essay Example

Motherless Brooklyn Themes Essay Many themes arise throughout the novel Motherless Brooklyn by Jonathan Lethem. One of the main themes which arise is the theme of Bildungsroman, which shows a sense of growth and development. It is a genre that depicts a youth who struggles toward maturity, forming a worldview or philosophy of life and leaving behind the concerns of adolescence. There is a clear sense that the character takes a series of formative steps towards adulthood and some kind of achievement. This can clearly be associated with the protagonist of the novel Lionel Essrog. Lionel Essrog tries to find his true identity and place in society through past lifetime experiences that occurred. Lionel’s underlying conquest is to find where he belongs in society and that he is able to be as reliable as any other person even though he tries to find his identity by searching for his biological parents. As an orphan, Lionel did not have his own identity. He spent his life in St. Vincent’s home for boys without any family members. The closest people to family members that he had were Tony, Gilbert, and Danny, other orphans at the home. We will write a custom essay sample on Motherless Brooklyn Themes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Motherless Brooklyn Themes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Motherless Brooklyn Themes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As soon as the boys entered the moving company business, Lionel’s identity was created by Frank Minna. They began working for him for a few years before Frank had to leave with his brother Gerard. Before Frank left, he gave Lionel a book called Understanding Tourettes. After he read the book, Lionel sought medical attention from the homes once-weekly visiting nurse to get help with his Tourettes. Lionel says that â€Å"The chemicals slowed my brain down to a morose crawl, where a boot on my wheel of self. I might outsmart†¦. to twilight. †(pg 83). Taking away his Tourettic symptoms also took away from his true identity. Although Minna encouraged Lionel to dwindle his symptoms, he helped Lionel become a person well accepted in society where he could control some outbursts and tics. After being labeled a Minna man, Lionel was looked at as intimidating and when he had sudden outbursts and tics people thought he was crazy and stupid, but in reality Lionel was intelligent and tender. Once a Minna man, Lionel’s ability to gain his own identity was lost. He does everything that he is told to do and never thinks on his own. Such loss of identity is described by this quote, Minna Men wear suits. Minna Men drive cars. Minna Men listen to tapped lines. Minna Men stand behind Minna, hands in their pockets, looking menacing. Minna Men carry money. Minna Men pick up packages†¦.. but Minna is dead. (pg 90). After the death of Frank Minna, Lionel is able to step away from the fixed identity of him and start to create his own identity. Lionel began to create his own identity after Minna’s death, because in order to think like a detective he must actually be one and not a Minna man. He began to think on his own and follow his own clues instead of taking any orders from his boss. He also begins to mature when he has a talk with Frank’s widow Julia who pretends to like Lionel. Motherless Brooklyn like many other novels has many themes throughout the book. One of the main or central themes is Bildungsroman. This is seen throughout the book as Lionel matures and finds his identity from childhood until now, when he becomes an adult and begins to start to form his own identity.

Understanding Cardinal Numbers in Latin

Understanding Cardinal Numbers in Latin Latin numbers are usually adjectives. When there are three forms, the Latin number has a masculine, feminine, and neuter form, in that order. The numbers follow the appropriate declension rules. Note that there is no singular form for most of the numbers and no plural form for the number 1. Numbers 1 - unus, una, unum 2 - duo, duae, duo 3 - tres, tres, tria 4 - quattuor 5 - quinque 6 - sex 7 - septem 8 - octo 9 - novem 10 - decem 11 - undecim 12 - duodecim 13 - tredecim 14 - quattuordecim 15 - quindecim 16 - sedecim 17 - septendecim 18 - duodeviginti 19 - undeviginti 20 - viginti 21 - viginti unus 30 - triginta 40 - quadraginta 50 - quinquaginta 60 - sexaginta 70 - septuaginta 80 - octoginta 90 - nonaginta 100 - centum 200 - ducenti, ducentae, ducenta 300 - trecenti, trecentae, trecenta 400 - quadrigenti, quadrigentae, quadrigenta(*) 500 - quingenti, quingentae, quingenta 600 - sescenti, sescentae, sescenta 700 - septingenti, septingentae, septingenta 800 - octingenti, octingentae, octingenta 900 - nongenti, nongentae, nongenta 1000 - mille 2000 - duo milia Counting Numbers Eng Latin French Italian Spanish 1 one unus un uno uno 2 two duo deux due dos 3 three tres trois tre tres 4 four quattuor quatre quattro cuatro 5 five quinque cinq cinque cinco 6 six sex six sei seis 7 seven septem sept sette siete 8 eight octo huit otto ocho 9 nine novem neuf nove nueve 10 ten decem dix dieci diez

How to Write the University of Virginia Essays 2018-2019

The University of Virginia is a public research university founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson, making the institution a prominent historical site. Being a UNESCO World Heritage Site, UVA is well known for its historical foundation and early roots. Located in Charlottesville, Virginia, UVA is situated in a lively metropolitan community. Ranked by U.S. News and World Report at #3 among public schools and #25 overall, UVA is one of the nation’s top universities. In the 2016-2017 application cycle, UVA only admitted 27.4% of applicants, making admission quite competitive. In addition to academic transcripts and letters of recommendation, all applicants are required to submit an additional supplemental essay, with additional essays needed depending on your selected major. With such competitive rates, it is often intimidating to complete these additional essays. However, is here to offer our guide on how to tackle UVA’s 2018-2019 application! Required: Choose one of the following (250 words): Note that this essay is required; however, UVA gives you the option to choose between 4 prompts, all of which have a 250-word limit. Choose the essay that you feel a stronger connection to, as this will make for a much stronger and more personal essay. With that being said, let’s take a look at each of the following prompts. For this essay, avoid choosing a word that’s generally self-explanatory or cliche. Example of this could be â€Å"happiness† or â€Å"love† because these words are often overused and the meaning can generally be inferred without an additional story. You want to choose something that is both personally meaningful to you and something that is attached to a greater story. For instance, if you are multilingual and your grandmother would always offer you a specific piece of advice in another language, you could use a word related to that advice in that language. Perhaps there is a story attached to the reason why she gave you that advice, or perhaps it is what you remember the most from her. Tell a story around this idea and your essay will be much more personal and impactful. You could also show off your nerdy side here or highlight your interests. Perhaps your favorite word is â€Å"emulsion† because it is relevant to your two favorite activities: chemistry and cooking. You could discuss your love for each of these subjects and, like the previous example, tell a brief story on how the word relates to your personal experiences. When choosing a word, you could also consider alternate meanings by considering meanings outside the traditional dictionary definition. In this case, you could contrast the traditional meaning with your own personal interpretation of the word in order to point out any differences and highlight your own personal connection to the word. Again, the key for this essay is to be personal. In terms of writing your essay, you want to make it clear what your word is without directly saying â€Å"my favorite word is _____.†; always start your essay with an interesting opener and a thoughtful conclusion. Since the essay is short at 250 words, you want to be fairly straightforward without being too stale or obvious. Chances are, you have a unique quality that makes up who you are. This essay is all about pinpointing that quality and describing it in terms of its importance to your identity. Perhaps you have an odd fascination with insects or you collect unconventional objects. This is a perfect essay to discuss these facets of your life. You must make sure to connect your quirk to your personality and individuality. Don’t simply describe the quirk; ask yourself why this quality is important to you and consider how your individuality would change had you not possessed this characteristic. You want to highlight your personality in this essay, whether it be through humorous writing or a creative story. For example, if your quirk is having to do a cartwheel every morning before school, you can write a story mapping out your day, with emphasis on your daily cartwheel. Perhaps this is the only way to get your blood pumping and prepare you for the day ahead. Perhaps doing cartwheels ensures that you always start your day with a positive attitude, allowing you to tackle any obstacles during the day. There are endless possibilities for quirks you could write about, as each person is different and has unique habits. Your quirk could be a unique mannerism such as a â€Å"weird† laugh or a unique daily routine you have. Perhaps your quirk was the object of ridicule in your earlier years, but now you’ve become confident in yourself and your unique qualities. Show UVA what makes you you and how proud you are to be yourself — weird quirks and all! For this essay, you want to consider your interests and how you want to share these interests with others. Your Flash Seminar should reflect something you’re passionate about, yet also be unique enough to not already exist. For example, you don’t want to create a seminar about something like â€Å"Cell Biology† or â€Å"Classical Literature.† For instance, if you love science and have always been intrigued by astrology, you could create a Flash Seminar called â€Å"Is there a Scientific Basis for Astrology?† If you love politics and are passionate about film, you could create a seminar called â€Å"Hidden Political Messages in Modern Film.† With any topic you choose, make sure to explain your choice. Why are you passionate about the topic and why do you think there should be a discussion about it? Perhaps you want to share your passions with others through a unique perspective or perhaps your proposed question has puzzled you in the past, making you eager to hear the thoughts of others. Discuss your reasons for creating the class and the goals you hope the class achieves. Like the previous question, you want to consider the topics you’re passionate about and want to share with others. You could interpret â€Å"message† as a form of artwork such as a painting, or you can interpret it more literally as a message or phrase. For instance, if you’re passionate about redesigning the roles of modern women, you could describe a painting that includes a dichotomy between traditional and more progressive roles of women. Perhaps half the painting includes black and white images of women performing household tasks and the other half uses vivid colors to portray women in positions of power and independence. Maybe you’ve been empowered by several strong women in your life and want to advocate for gender issues such as equal pay. Maybe there is a quote or phrase from a novel that you’ve read that stuck out to you and want to share with UVA’s student body. For instance, if a quote from Thi Bui’s The Best We Could Do resonates with you due to a similarity with your immigration story, you could paint this message on the Beta Bridge in order to create a sense of community with those who share similar backgrounds. No matter what you choose to paint, make sure you have a personal connection to the art. Ensure that you answer the â€Å"why† aspect of the question and discuss the reasons why the message is important to both you and others. This is the last of the 4 prompt options and we recommend choosing the prompt you have the strongest connection to. Remember, there is no â€Å"best† prompt; regardless of the prompt you choose, ensure that you reveal something about your personality and give the admissions committee a closer look at your background Submit your essay and we’ll get back to you with helpful edits. This essay is only required for those applying under architecture. Like the previous prompts, this essay also has a word limit of 250 words. If you’ve traveled to a place with intricate and unique architecture, or you visited a site that excluded aesthetic excellence, this is the place to discuss that. Perhaps you were intrigued by the ancient architecture and designs featured in ancient Greece. Or perhaps you were fascinated by a particular home you saw while driving through Hollywood Hills due to its unique modern characteristics. Be detailed when describing the instance or location, and allow the reader to visualize the design. Your goal for this essay is to highlight the location that inspired you and explain why this was inspiring for you. Maybe you loved the detailed engravings embedded into ancient European architecture or maybe you love the intersection of minimalism and functionality. Make sure to convey the passion you have towards architecture and show a genuine interest and love for unique designs. For those of you interested in kinesiology, or the study of how the body moves, you must complete this essay. There could be several reasons why you chose this field of study but make sure to choose something that is personal to you and had a large impact in terms of exciting your interest in the subject. For instance, if you volunteered in a hospital and often worked with patients recovering from physical injuries, you could discuss watching people slowly regain mobility. You could discuss how you were amazed by the body’s ability to recover and how a person could transition from immobility to mobility. Maybe you have a more personal connection and witnessed a friend or family member experience the same recovery. If so, you could definitely include this in discussing your motivation for pursuing kinesiology. You could also discuss the science and mechanics behind kinesiology if you did not necessarily have a defining moment that influenced you to choose the field. Perhaps you are interested biomechanics behind kinesiology and were always intrigued by how the body interacts with itself. If you have played sports before, you could draw a connection between the two here and discuss how your interest in sports influenced your interest in the body’s mechanics. You want to identify a problem that’s important to you and propose a solution to solve it. This doesn’t mean the problem has to be large, as the prompt also explicitly states â€Å"small engineering project.† For instance, if you live in a large household with many siblings, perhaps you want to design a robot that cleans the house, easing the daily burden on your parent. If your grandfather struggles with putting on his shoes due to a weak back, you could propose a machine that assists him with that every morning. A great way to address the prompt is to consider any medical disabilities that a friend or family member may have. However, make sure to propose something that doesn’t already exist. For instance, if a family member is hard of hearing, you wouldn’t want to design a hearing aid since this already exists. If, however, you have a proposed modification that makes an existing device better for your chosen individual, then this would be appropriate to discuss. Pay attention to the people surrounding you by identifying any daily challenges they may experience. Once you choose your project, you want to describe the design and explain how this would be beneficial to your chosen family member or friend. This prompt is essentially asking you why you want to study nursing. You want to trace your previous experiences and consider whether they impacted your decision to study health care. Perhaps an experiences volunteering at a hospital changed influenced your love for nursing, or perhaps you realized nursing comes naturally to you after caring for an ill friend or family member. If you worked or volunteered at a hospital, you could discuss a specific interaction you had with a patient. For example, maybe an elderly woman recently exited surgery and you were assigned to assist with her recovery. Perhaps the woman would often tell stories about her past experiences to you, reminding you of your own grandmother. Maybe it’s this deep interaction with patients that has attracted you to nursing. You want to be personal in your response; don’t simply state that you want to study nursing in order to help people. These answers are cliche and vague, as they don’t really highlight a particular experience that you had. With so many fields classified under arts and sciences, you have a variety of ways to approach this answer. If you’re studying biology, for example, perhaps a unique experiment in the lab opened your eyes to the intricacies of life. If you want to study math, maybe you struggled with learning a theorem and want to discuss how you overcame this challenge. Maybe Toni Morrison’s Beloved introduced you to the darker side of literature that made you both uncomfortable and intrigued. You want to discuss why and how the work challenged or changed you rather than simply describing the work itself. The key here is to draw a personal connection and explain how the work impacted you by describing your personal reactions to it. For example, if you found reading Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales challenging whether it be due to the language or content, you could describe the obstacles you encountered while analyzing the text. You could then conclude with discussing how working through these obstacles forced you to look at literature from a different perspective, thus allowing you to find unique symbols in the text that you otherwise would have skipped over. Remember, the purpose of these essays is to showcase your identity to the admissions officers. You want to highlight your personality and convey your passions in order to allow the reader to get a better sense of who you are. We hope this guide has allowed you to tackle UVA’s application with the utmost confidence. Happy writing! Want help on your University of Virginia application or essays? Learn about our College Apps Program . Want us to quickly edit your college essay? Submit it to our Rapid Review program , and we’ll get it back to you quickly with comments from our expert team.

Cultural concerns in healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cultural concerns in healthcare - Essay Example Cultural competence in nursing can be defined as the ability of a nurse to meet the requirements and wishes of all kinds of patients regardless of the color of their skin, religious conviction, or even language. In this presentation, we will focus on Asian Americans and Islam in relation to cultural concerns to healthcare. Culture plays a significant role in healthcare today. Different cultures have diverse viewpoints or ideas on the reasons behind each and every disease or medical condition. In addition, different cultures have their own ideas in regard to management and curing of particular diseases, and have their own healers or traditional doctors. Therefore, all strategies aimed at eradication and treatment of diseases within the society ought to countenance with cultural beliefs. To understand cultural concerns in healthcare, let us focus our attention on a specific cultural practice and belief relating to the Asian Americans. An assertion by Yoo, Le and Oda (2012) elucidate Asian Americans cultural beliefs on the origins of illnesses. They posit that "An individual illness may have a spiritual explanation whereby an individual was being punished for his sins or possessed by an evil spirit, an imbalance of hot and cold caused by not enough off one kind of food or the other, a weakness of the will, an imbalance of the vital energy, or a magical explanation, such as an evil eye" (p. 271). According to Dayer-Berenson (2011), Muslims require their women to cover their bodies completely except the face and hands. In healthcare therefore, this practice ought to be respected. Since some forms of medical examinations have to be done in hospital attire, the hospital staff should avail hospital attires that covers their bodies completely in accordance with their religion. However, some hospitals allow Muslim women to retain their own attires in cases where the hospital is unable to avail an

The Politics in Itself Can be a Major Force in Determining Growth and Essay

The Politics in Itself Can be a Major Force in Determining Growth and Development of a ountry - Essay Example On the other hand poor lack of political stability leads to the poor performance of the economy and may act as a significant variable in the collapse of the governmental structures and its functioning (Alesina et al, 1992, p.1). The paper centers on the discussion of the political environment with several policies as well as their implications with respect to two underdeveloped countries namely Vietnam and Bangladesh. An in depth analysis will be guiding the ways in the realization of the theme of the paper. The fundamental notion of the interdependence of politics and economic growth Theoretical underpinnings regarding the correlation of the politics and economic growth is highly based upon the uncertainty effects and that of the productive economic ideas and decisions, investments as well as that of production and labor supply. A high propensity of a change in the government is vehemently attached with the domain of uncertainty about the new policies of a new government with the ri sk adverse economic agents hesitating for adapting productive economic initiatives and finding good ventures in the abroad. Again for the foreign investments to infiltrate within the economy, the foreign political governments usually prefer economies with political stability which directs towards less uncertainty with the policies and property rights dynamics. There is presence of several literatures on the so called association. As for example, Alesina and Tabellini (1990), Tabellini and Alesina (1990), Cukierman, Edwards and Tabellini (1992), 6zler and Tabellini (1991) has developed several models where a government striving with uncertainty engages them in policies which yields sub optimal levels leading to the worsening of the economic condition of the state. These models all state share a common idea which states that outcome of the political instability generates economic inefficiencies. Within the vast domain of the stated model development, mainly within the works of Alesina and Tabellini (1989) examines the fact that effect of the political uncertainty is immensely adverse on the investment and capital injections within the economy. The probability of a governmental collapse with that of the development of a new government are highly prone towards the tax capital and productive activities signifying a substitution procedure of productive domestic investments in favor of consumption and capital flight, which in turn leads to a reduction of domestic production. There are several literatures developed on similar topic but the most relevant part in accordance with that of the elaboration in the subsequent segments has been discussed. Now the paper will plunge into the development of the hardcore mechanics which will reflect the theme of the paper with respect to Vietnam and Bangladesh. The following segment will be focusing on the case study of Vietnam and after that the case of Bangladesh will be considered (Alesina et al, 1992, pp. 3-4). Vietnam-Politic s and economic growth Background & reshuffling the power structure The country of Vietnam has gone through almost three decades of war. In the year 1945, the country declared independence from France which the French government did not recognize. As a consequence, a war broke out between Vietnam and France where France was defeated in the North Vietnam with the outbreak of a civil war. Now with the communal tensions being one of the predominant phenomenons at that time the Americans involved themselves in war with Vietnam, the

The Symbolism of Hester Prynnes Appearance in The Scarlet Letter :: Essays Papers

The Symbolism of Hester Prynnes Appearance in The Scarlet Letter Throughout The Scarlet Letter, the author Nathaniel Hawthorne uses many literal and figurative items to illustrate the significance of various characters or themes. Coupled with the tangible evidence given, the reader can make many miscellaneous assumptions of the importance of these items to directly and indirectly contribute to the issues of the novel. One cryptic item that symbolizes more than it seems to is the appearance of one of the main characters, Hester Prynne. Hester Prynne's appearance and hair signify the levels of will and determination she possesses at the moment. The first example of this implication occurs at the beginning of the novel, during and before the first scaffold scene. Hester's hair is let down, shining and "so glossy that it threw off the sunshine with a gleam." This hair compliments an elegant, beautiful woman standing tall and proud. During this time, Hester's emotions, at full integrity, mirroring her appearance. When Hester is being questioned upon the scaffold, her virtue shines through when she refuses to name the partner of her sin. In the next example, Hester's pride and stature both seem to dwindle in accordance to her appearance. Within the next seven years, Hester has gone through a change both physically and emotionally. The book describes the scarlet letter to have absorbed all the rebellious and fiery qualities of Hester, leaving a cold and lonely woman, her tenderness "crushed so deeply into her heart that it can never show itself more." At the same time, Hester started "hiding" her beautiful rich hair in a cap, therefore practically eliminating her beauty and femininity. As Hester becomes less passionate internally, she becomes less passionate externally as well. The last example takes place during Hester's talk with Arthur Dimmesdale in the forest. During their emotional conversation, Hester regains her previous composure, and tries to prove to Arthur that the past can be erased. With the literal simple gestures of pulling off her scarlet letter and taking off her cap, she figuratively obliterated all that had happened before she was forced to wear the scarlet letter. Her womanliness and pride came rushing back as her hair fell back to her shoulders, becoming as she was before the scarlet letter took over her life. The Symbolism of Hester Prynnes Appearance in The Scarlet Letter :: Essays Papers The Symbolism of Hester Prynnes Appearance in The Scarlet Letter Throughout The Scarlet Letter, the author Nathaniel Hawthorne uses many literal and figurative items to illustrate the significance of various characters or themes. Coupled with the tangible evidence given, the reader can make many miscellaneous assumptions of the importance of these items to directly and indirectly contribute to the issues of the novel. One cryptic item that symbolizes more than it seems to is the appearance of one of the main characters, Hester Prynne. Hester Prynne's appearance and hair signify the levels of will and determination she possesses at the moment. The first example of this implication occurs at the beginning of the novel, during and before the first scaffold scene. Hester's hair is let down, shining and "so glossy that it threw off the sunshine with a gleam." This hair compliments an elegant, beautiful woman standing tall and proud. During this time, Hester's emotions, at full integrity, mirroring her appearance. When Hester is being questioned upon the scaffold, her virtue shines through when she refuses to name the partner of her sin. In the next example, Hester's pride and stature both seem to dwindle in accordance to her appearance. Within the next seven years, Hester has gone through a change both physically and emotionally. The book describes the scarlet letter to have absorbed all the rebellious and fiery qualities of Hester, leaving a cold and lonely woman, her tenderness "crushed so deeply into her heart that it can never show itself more." At the same time, Hester started "hiding" her beautiful rich hair in a cap, therefore practically eliminating her beauty and femininity. As Hester becomes less passionate internally, she becomes less passionate externally as well. The last example takes place during Hester's talk with Arthur Dimmesdale in the forest. During their emotional conversation, Hester regains her previous composure, and tries to prove to Arthur that the past can be erased. With the literal simple gestures of pulling off her scarlet letter and taking off her cap, she figuratively obliterated all that had happened before she was forced to wear the scarlet letter. Her womanliness and pride came rushing back as her hair fell back to her shoulders, becoming as she was before the scarlet letter took over her life.

Plant Tissue Culture Essay

Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. Plant tissue culture is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation. Different techniques in plant tissue culture may offer certain advantages over traditional methods of propagation, including: †¢The production of exact copies of plants that produce particularly good flowers, fruits, or have other desirable traits. †¢To quickly produce mature plants. †¢The production of multiples of plants in the absence of seeds or necessary pollinators to produce seeds. †¢The regeneration of whole plants from plant cells that have been genetically modified. †¢The production of plants in sterile containers that allows them to be moved with greatly reduced chances of transmitting diseases, pests, and pathogens. †¢The production of plants from seeds that otherwise have very low chances of germinating and growing, i.e.: orchids and nepenthes. †¢To clean particular plants of viral and other infections and to quickly multiply these plants as ‘cleaned stock’ for horticulture and agriculture. Plant tissue culture relies on the fact that many plant cells have the ability to regenerate a whole plant (totipotency). Single cells, plant cells without cell walls (protoplasts), pieces of leaves, or (less commonly) roots can often be used to generate a new plant on culture media given the required nutrients and plant hormo nes. Techniques Modern plant tissue culture is performed under aseptic conditions under HEPA filtered air provided by a laminar flow cabinet. Living plant materials from the environment are naturally contaminated on their surfaces (and sometimes interiors) with microorganisms, so surface sterilization of starting material (explants) in chemical solutions (usually sodium or calcium hypochlorite or mercuric chloride) is required. Mercuric chloride is seldom used as a plant sterilant today, unless other sterilizing agents are found to be ineffective, as it is dangerous to use, and is difficult to dispose of. Explants are then usually placed on the surface of a solid culture medium, but are sometimes placed directly into a liquid medium, particularly when cell suspension cultures are desired. Solid and liquid media are generally composed of inorganic salts plus a few organic nutrients, vitamins and plant hormones. Solid media are prepared from liquid media with the addition of a gelling agent, usually p urified agar. In vitro tissue culture potato explants The composition of the medium, particularly the plant hormones and the nitrogen source (nitrate versus ammonium salts or amino acids) have profound effects on the morphology of the tissues that grow from the initial explant. For example, an excess of auxin will often result in a proliferation of roots, while an excess of cytokinin may yield shoots. A balance of both auxin and cytokinin will often produce an unorganised growth of cells, or callus, but the morphology of the outgrowth will depend on the plant species as well as the medium composition. As cultures grow, pieces are typically sliced off and transferred to new media (subcultured) to allow for growth or to alter the morphology of the culture. The skill and experience of the tissue culturist are important in judging which pieces to culture and which to discard. As shoots emerge from a culture, they may be sliced off and rooted with auxin to produce plantlets which, when mature, can be transferred to potting soil for further g rowth in the greenhouse as normal plants. [1] Choice of explant The tissue obtained from the plant to culture is called an explant. Based on work with certain model systems, particularly tobacco, it has often been claimed that a totipotent explant can be grown from any part of the plant. However, this concept has been vitiated in practice. In many species explants of various organs vary in their rates of growth and regeneration, while some do not grow at all. The choice of explant material also determines if the plantlets developed via tissue culture are haploid or diploid. Also the risk of microbial contamination is increased with inappropriate explants. Thus it is very important that an appropriate choice of explant be made prior to tissue culture. The specific differences in the regeneration potential of different organs and explants have various explanations. The significant factors include differences in the stage of the cells in the cell cycle, the availability of or ability to transport endogenous growth regulators, and the metabolic capabilities of the cells. The most commonly used tissue explants are the meristematic ends of the plants like the stem tip, auxiliary bud tip and root tip. These tissues have high rates of cell division and either concentrate or produce required growth regulating substances including auxins and cytokinins. The pathways through which whole plants are regenerated from cells and tissues or explants such as meristems broadly fall into three types: 1.The method in which explants that include a meristem (viz. the shoot tips or nodes) are grown on appropriate media supplemented with plant growth regulators to induce proliferation of multiple shoots, followed by rooting of the excised shoots to regenerate whole plants, 2.The method in which totipotency of cells is realized in the form of de novo organogenesis, either directly in the form of induction of shoot meristems on the explants or indirectly via a callus (unorganised mass of cells resulting from proliferation of cells of the explant) and plants are regenerated through induction of roots on the resultant shoots, 3.Somatic embryogenesis, in which asexual adventive embryos (comparable to zygotic embryos in their structure and development) are induced directly on explants or indirectly through a callus phase. The first method involving the meristems and induction of multiple shoots is the preferred method for the micropropagation industry since the risks of somaclonal variation (genetic variation induced in tissue culture) are minimal when compared to the other two methods. Somatic embryogenesis is a method that has the potential to be several times higher in multiplication rates and is amenable to handling in liquid culture systems like bioreac tors. Some explants, like the root tip, are hard to isolate and are contaminated with soil microflora that become problematic during the tissue culture process. Certain soil microflora can form tight associations with the root systems, or even grow within the root. Soil particles bound to roots are difficult to remove without injury to the roots that then allows microbial attack. These associated microflora will generally overgrow the tissue culture medium before there is significant growth of plant tissue. Aerial (above soil) explants are also rich in undesirable microflora. However, they are more easily removed from the explant by gentle rinsing, and the remainder usually can be killed by surface sterilization. Most of the surface microflora do not form tight associations with the plant tissue. Such associations can usually be found by visual inspection as a mosaic, de-colorization or localized necrosis on the surface of the explant. An alternative for obtaining uncontaminated explants is to take explants from seedlings which are aseptically grown from surface-sterilized seeds. The hard surface of the seed is less permeable to penetration of harsh surface sterilizing agents, such as hypochlorite, so the acceptable conditions of sterilization used for seeds can be much more stringent than for vegetative tissues. Tissue cultured plants are clones. If the original mother plant used to produce the first explants is susceptible to a pathogen or environmental condition, the entire crop would be susceptible to the same problem. Conversely, any positive traits would remain within the line also. Applications Plant tissue culture is used widely in plant science; it also has a number of commercial applications. Applications include: †¢Micropropagation is widely used in forestry and in floriculture. Micropropagation can also be used to conserve rare or endangered plant species.[2] †¢A plant breeder may use tissue culture to screen cells rather than plants for advantageous characters, e.g. herbicide resistance/tolerance. †¢Large-scale growth of plant cells in liquid culture in bioreactors for production of valuable compounds, like plant-derived secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins used as biopharmaceuticals.[3] †¢To cross distantly related species by protoplast fusion and regeneration of the novel hybrid. †¢To cross-pollinate distantly related species and then tissue culture the resulting embryo which would otherwise normally die (Embryo Rescue). †¢For production of doubled monoploid (dihaploid) plants from haploid cultures to achieve homozygous lines more rapidly in breeding programmes, usually by treatment with colchicine which causes doubling of the chromosome number. †¢As a tissue for transformation, followed by either short-term testing of genetic constructs or regeneration of transgenic plants. †¢Certain techniques such as meristem tip culture can be used to produce clean plant material from virused stock, such as potatoes and many species of soft fruit. †¢Micropropagation using meristem and shoot culture to produce large numbers of identical individuals. †¢Production of identical sterile hybrid species can be obtained. Laboratories Although some growers and nurseries have their own labs for propagating plants by the technique of tissue culture, a number of independent laboratories provide custom propagation services. The Plant Tissue Culture Information Exchange lists many commercial tissue culture labs. Since plant tissue culture is a very labour intensive process, this would be an important factor in determining which plants would be commercially viable to propagate in a laboratory.

Resources And Time Management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1016 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/29 Category Management Essay Level High school Tags: Time Management Essay Did you like this example? Resource and Time Management Resources and time management play an important role in making a project success. Organizations rely on resources to carry out the project tasks. Time management is very critical in the project completion. The resources need to be able to follow the process and make sure to finish the tasks on time. Without the correct team/resources set up, any procedure and plan have the capability of totally falling apart. In my opinion, project manager and entire team needs to work in a collaborative style, that is really important to ensure the success of a project and to finish the project on time. According to Kerzner (2001), project success was clearly explained as the completion of a project within the specified budget, time, performance. This de? ¬nition of project success has been modified to incorporate completion within the mentioned time period, at the possible execution or specification level. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Resources And Time Management" essay for you Create order A project can be viewed as effective by meeting the execution measures of cost, time and technical performance, but also ensuring and safeguarding that the project is acknowledged and accepted by the client (Kerzner 1998). I would like to concentrate more on time, resource performance and of course customer satisfaction. Success will be determined by the level of execution accomplished. To decide whether these factors are actually useful and success will be depending on their impact on project execution. Belassi and Tukel (1996) grouped critical success factors into four zones: external environment, team, organization and the project. The identi? ¬cation of critical factors would prompt the better assessment of projects. Pinto and Slevin (1987) found ten critical success factors, including project mission, top administration support, project schedule/plan, customer consultation, personnel, technical tasks, client acceptance, monitoring and feedback, communication and investigating. This exploration just identified the critical success factors, yet did not quantify the quality of their association with project performance. Cooke-Davies (2002) recommended a range of critical success factors related to performance, including project team and management competencies relevant to huge, complex projects, but also to projects in general. Project management incorporates productively overseeing individuals and partnerships viably. The decision power should be given to sponsor and the sponsor must work with project manager and they need to be in a decent understanding about the wants of a project. The project manager needs to be clear on making the requirements clear with the management. And the leadership should really give the decision power to the sponsor who will then take care on getting requirements done quickly. We need to be clear and transparent with the stakeholders that help them understand the performance. Communicate with upper management and come to an understanding on the decisions and have their support financially. The sponsor needs to be available and help in making decisions and influencing the stakeholders and management. Team work needs communication, coordination ability to do exploration on the tasks. Make sure involve right person on right time. Include the stakeholders in meetings in order to better identify if any issues at that moment. As work demands increase, managers need to manage time and work projects effectively. Knowing how you invest your time is the initial step to enhance and improve efficiency and time management. Managers ought to distinguish performance time and wasteful time utilize. MANAGING TIME Every team member should manage their time effectively and work to achieve project success, some of the basic things to consider: Try to work on the critical stuff on priority and schedule the less important or priority tasks to later. Also, make sure you dont switch tasks, that leads to time loss understanding both. Raffoni (2006) reports that switching between tasks could diminish effectiveness by 20% to 40%. Since email interferences can distract from work and take time to read and reply to e-mails. Enhancing time and project management incudes creating work time without interferences. When working on a project, do not end up interrupted by unnecessary talk from colleagues. The tasks need to show the manageable steps of the project. Also, they ought to be divided into subtasks which take less time to complete. It is ok to say no to colleagues when they try to give you more work or ask questions when you do not have time. Organization is another key factor in project and time management for managers. Workplace organization is critical to work effectively. Time spent searching for files, folders, or projects is considered waste. Keep moving towards technology which gives us the features to do our work in less time. Because many files are now electronic, retain only essential hard copy documents. Often update and back up the files that you complete. Eliminate duplicates and rough drafts of completed work. This greatly reduces manual work and saves time. All the team members ought to be communicating within themselves often and offer the ideas. Following agile really helps in determining the tasks and also the fixes if something goes wrong. Agile is flexible and the team members and project manager should follow the principles of agile methodology. Utilize the tools available to you to reduce work load and make sure everything is done on time. Would like to discuss on more on agile methodologies which the team uses, it involves communication like handling stand-up calls and the progress made everyday by team members. Having code reviews by the team and automate the tasks to test. Follow agile principles and methodologies in project, more focus to individuals than to process and tools. Just make sure to provide adequate documentation. Respond to changes quickly. Give more importance to customer feedback than the requirements defined. Of course we need to follow requirements and develop the tasks but when comes to customer satisfaction and needs, we need to give preference to the client. Keeping to the timetable in which the design and requirements are created. And to how well the team can convey the outcomes characterized in scope. We often hear organizations have been faced with problems in delivering, so the project manager should make sure we dont go beyond scope and timelines. Then the team can work towards increasing speed and in post-execution adjustments accordingly.